Research Proposal on Traffic Congestion Essay Example

Research Proposal on Traffic Congestion Essay The term â€Å"traffic congestion† (traffic jam) denotes a strong faltering or stalled traffic flow on a road. One of the reasons for this is too high a number of vehicles per unit time (or per length). The causes of a traffic congestion, however, cannot be explained. Congestion – even those on waterways, railroad tracks, airports or in space – are a subject of research in transportation science. Transportation experts distinguish between â€Å"traffic jam† and â€Å"traffic congestion.† In Switzerland, for example, traffic jam is when the traffic flows at least less than 10 km/hr for a minute. If the velocity is in the range between 10 and 30 km/hr, one can speak of congested traffic. Typically, the capacity of a road is 1500 to 2500 vehicles per hour per lane. Such capacity can vary, for example by unfavorable weather such as rain, snow, or ice, and ineffective behavior of road users, for example by curiosity. This can cause jams out of nowhere, where the cause remains hidden from the road users even after the end of the jam, (as opposed to an accident in which you can see the cause when passing the scene of the accident). We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Traffic Congestion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Traffic Congestion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Traffic Congestion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A locally reduced capacity of the traffic by events such as lane closures due to road works or accidents and lane constrictions favoring further traffic jam formation. The narrowing of the traffic route can also be called a bottleneck. However, an increased volume of traffic may be responsible for congestion. Reasons for this may be rush hour traffic (especially at the beginning and at the end of vacation and usually heavy traffic in tourist areas) and major events. By means of permanently installed sensors on the highway, the traffic flow is measured objectively. Only the left lane is monitored because the parameters distance and speed on the other tracks can be blocked due to the traffic density in the left lane. The sensors are located on average every 4 km, so here are a total of 4000 sensors in use. Warning of road users is done with the help of danger signs (Z 124), or by the display of texts. In addition, speed limits can be arranged. Congestion warning systems have mostly an automatic detection and come gantries in the form of variable message signs are used. Traffic reports are read in traffic and sent via TMC (Traffic Message Channel) in the non-audible range of the FM signal in digital form. However, the TMC area is very narrow, so all messages are transmitted only about every fifteen minutes. Moreover, since it often happens that a receiver missed a message, the reception of the TMC message may be considerably delayed. Traffic reports on TMC can be received and processed by navigation systems. Traffic reports are published in the teletext and the Internet from different providers. Furthermore, they can be queried individually via mobile phones. For this purpose, the location of the inquirer is automatically located and queried more information route. Use free example research proposal on traffic congestion to learn more on the topic. NOTE!!! All free sample research proposals and examples on Traffic Congestion are 100% plagiarized, we are here to help you! EssayLib.com is a leading research proposal writing service, which can offer you the solution you have been looking for. With thousands of written research papers and proposals for Master’s and PhD degrees, we can give you exactly what you need at very affordable prices. Our experienced writers will prove you that high quality and exclusivity is a trademark of our products. We can guarantee your confidentiality and promise you strict on time delivery. There are many reasons for EssayLib.com to become your favorite research proposal writing service, but all we are asking you – just give us a try!

Answers to Questions About Usage

Answers to Questions About Usage Answers to Questions About Usage Answers to Questions About Usage By Mark Nichol Many writers native English speakers and nonnative speakers alike are confounded by uncertainty or confusion about usage, the complicated issue of what, exactly, a given word means regardless of its practical or official definition. Here are some questions and comments Daily Writing Tips readers have sent me about definitions and connotations, along with my responses. 1. One of the words I hear all the time, which I believe is improperly used, is hopefully, as in â€Å"Hopefully, we’ll be successful.† I’d love to hear your thoughts about using this word hopefully, you’ll agree with me. For better or worse, in the usage you abhor, hopefully is firmly established, and employment in its original sense (â€Å"in a hopeful manner,† as in â€Å"I waited hopefully for her response†) has all but disappeared. The only thing one can do to curtail its use is avoid using it oneself, but this is a case in which the people have spoken: The new sense will prevail. 2. For the past few years, I’ve been noticing the use of â€Å"only ever,† as in â€Å"I only ever stay on the weekends.† Isn’t ever unnecessary and perhaps incorrect? Yes, ever is an extraneous intensifier. It’s not incorrect, but it should be avoided in formal writing. 3. May â€Å"Thank you for correcting me† sound ironic in Modern English? I once used it and got negative feedback. And I think it has pejorative connotation in English, though in my mother tongue it’s just a way to express gratitude or thanks. Yes, â€Å"Thank you for correcting me† looks perfectly neutral, but it’s not: In English, the notion of correcting someone has a negative connotation, like being criticized or scolded, and someone who receives that comment from you may assume that you’re resentful for the assistance. Depending on the situation, it would be better to say or write, â€Å"Thank you for providing me with the correct information† (less concise, but neutral in tone) or â€Å"Thank you for clarifying that for me.† In American English, at least, an informal, friendly way to acknowledge correction is â€Å"Thanks for setting me straight.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageOne Fell SwoopWood vs. Wooden

5 Words That Dont Mean What You Think They Mean

5 Words That Don't Mean What You Think They Mean You keep using that word, Inigo Montoya says to Vizzini in The Princess Bride. I do not think it means what you think it means. The word that Vizzini so frequently misuses in the film is inconceivable. But its not hard to imagine other words that hold different meanings for different people. Meanings that may even be contradictory- literally so. Of course, its not unusual for word meanings to change  over time. Some words (such as nice, which once meant silly or ignorant) even reverse their connotations. Whats especially intriguing- and often perplexing- is to observe such changes in our own time. To show you what we mean, lets take a look at five words that may not mean what you think they mean: literally, fulsome, ravel, peruse, and plethora. Literally Meaningless? In contrast to  figuratively, the adverb literally means in a literal or strict sense- word for word. But many speakers have a habit of using the word quite unliterally as an intensifier. Take this example from a speech given by former Vice President Joe Biden: The next president of the United States is going to be delivered to the most significant moment in American history since Franklin Roosevelt. He will have such an incredible opportunity not only to change the direction of America but literally, literally to change the direction of the world.(Senator Joseph Biden, speaking in Springfield, Illinois, August 23, 2008) Although most dictionaries recognize the contrary uses of the word, many usage authorities (and SNOOTs) argue that the hyperbolic sense of literally has eroded its literal meaning. Full of Fulsome If your boss showers you with fulsome praise, dont presume that a promotion is in the works. Understood in its traditional sense of offensively flattering or insincere, fulsome has decidedly negative connotations. But in recent years, fulsome has picked up the more complimentary meaning of full, generous, or abundant. So is one definition more correct or appropriate than the other?Guardian Style (2007), the usage guide for writers on Englands Guardian newspaper, describes fulsome as another example of a word that is almost never used correctly. The adjective means cloying, excessive, disgusting by excess, says editor David Marsh, and is not, as some appear to believe, a clever word for full.Nevertheless, both senses of the word appear regularly in the pages of the Guardian- and just about everywhere else. Tributes, praise, and apologies are often characterized as fulsome without a hint of sarcasm or ill will. But in a book review for The Independent in which Jan Morris described the mistress of Lord Nelson as grotesque, obese and fulsome, we sense she had in mind the older meaning of the word. Having it both ways can lead to confusion. When an economics reporter for Time magazine recalls fulsome times, does he simply mean a prosperous era or is he passing judgment on an age of self-indulgent excess? As for the New York Times writer who gushed over a building with great banks of metal windows, set in a rich screen of glazed terra cotta, particularly fulsome on the second floor, exactly what he meant is anybodys guess. Unraveling the Meaning of Raveling If the verb  unravel means to unknot, unscramble, or untangle, its only logical to assume that ravel must mean the opposite- to tangle or complicate. Right?Well, yes and no. You see, ravel is both an antonym and a synonym for unravel. Derived from the Dutch word for a loose thread, ravel can mean either to tangle or untangle, to complicate or clarify. That makes ravel an example of a Janus word- a word (like sanction or wear) that has opposite or contradictory meanings.And that probably helps to explain why ravel is so rarely used: you never know if its coming together or falling apart. Perusing a New Janus Word Another Janus word is the verb  peruse. Since the Middle Ages, peruse has meant to read or examine, usually with great care: perusing a document means studying it carefully. Then a funny thing happened. Some people starting using peruse as a synonym for skim or scan or read quickly- the opposite of its traditional meaning. Most editors still reject this novel usage, dismissing it (in Henry Fowlers phrase) as a slipshod extension- that is, stretching a word beyond its conventional meanings.But keep an eye on your dictionary, for as weve seen, this is one of the ways in which language changes. If enough people continue to stretch the meaning of peruse, the inverted definition may eventually supplant the traditional one. A Plethora of Piatas In this scene from the 1986 film  ¡Three Amigos!,  the villainous character El Guapo is talking with Jefe, his right-hand man: Jefe: I have put many beautiful pià ±atas in the storeroom, each of them filled with little surprises.El Guapo: Many pià ±atas?Jefe: Oh yes, many!El Guapo: Would you say I have a plethora of pià ±atas?Jefe: A what?El Guapo: A plethora.Jefe: Oh yes, you have a plethora.El Guapo: Jefe, what is a plethora?Jefe: Why, El Guapo?El Guapo: Well, you told me I have a plethora. And I just would like to know if you know what a plethora is. I would not like to think that a person would tell someone he has a plethora, and then find out that that person has no idea what it means to have a plethora.Jefe: Forgive me, El Guapo. I know that I, Jefe, do not have your superior intellect and education. But could it be that once again, you are angry at something else, and are looking to take it out on me?(Tony Plana and Alfonso Arau as Jefe and El Guapo in  ¡Three Amigos!, 1986) Regardless of his motive, El Guapo asks a fair question: just what is a plethora? As it turns out, this Greek and Latin hand-me-down is an example of a word that has undergone amelioration- that is, an upgrade in meaning from a negative sense to a neutral or favorable connotation. At one time plethora meant an overabundance or unhealthy excess of something (too many pià ±atas). Now its commonly used as a non-judgmental synonym for a large quantity (a lot of pià ±atas).

Choose a topic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Choose a topic - Research Paper Example It takes place on every Chaturmas, the twelfth day of the waning moon. During this day, all Jains congregate in temples for devotions. a) New Year Festive- in nations like Sri Lanka and Thailand, the New Year is usually celebrated for about three days from the first full moon in the month of April. In other Mahayana countries, this celebration is held the first full moon of January. b) Vesak- Vesak is held to commemorate the birth and death of Buddha, the enlightened one. It is, thus, the most important event for the Buddhists. The celebrations usually happen during the first full moon of May. Other Buddhism festivals that remember the life of Buddha are the Magha Puja and Asalha Puja Day. a) Oshogatsu- this is the celebration of the closure of the old year and opening of the New Year. During the closure of the year, the people party as they symbolically wash away the misfortunes of the past. They also express their wishful expectations of the New Year. These festivals usually give the members of these religions the opportunity to come together as one family and share their spiritual experiences. Most worshipers usually get spiritual nourishment from these festivals. In Hinduism for instance, the festivals help them divert their attention from the worldly things and concentrate on the spiritual matters. In Shinto, the visiting of the graves helps them make peace with their ancestors and gods. It is during such times that the members of these religions decide to give to the poor in the society and preach peace. As they give back to the community by helping the poor, they create a harmony between the community and religion. During these celebrations, the people usually feast with food and drinks and the outsiders are always invited to take part. Diwali is a good example. Therefore, such celebrations bring the people together and help create peace in a social set

Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Assignment

Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World - Assignment Example This essay discusses that PharmaCARE Company misuses the U.S. law to protect its own intellectual property at the same time assimilating Colberian people intellectual property. It has broken a number of laws and at the same time launching We CARE about YOUR world initiative, the main role of which is to protect and save the environment using a change of packaging and recycling. In addition, the Company will position itself as the one that used Colberians data for free. Similar unethical business practice is traced through the case with GlaxoSmithKline, which is one of the top global vaccine manufacturers. The company was fined up to eighty-eight thousand dollars for conducting the illegal lab vaccine trials between 2007 and 2008, which caused the death of fourteen babies. Such unethical behavior and absence of procedural standards discovered the vaccine scandal in the developed world. Such fine was realized as the largest ever and in health care, it became the largest fraud in the hi story of U.S.Such unethical behavior of the healthcare establishments brings discredit to the system in general, where people cannot be safe purchasing medications or addressing their concerns to the medical institutions. The more severe legislation would allow companies to think over their actions toward all the parties that are involved in the process. Moreover, good and bad cases would allow people and companies to come to right conclusions and learn by previous experience to avoid same mistakes in the future.

Clubs, Clubs, and More Clubs Essay Example for Free

Clubs, Clubs, and More Clubs Essay According to the BoomerProject. com, there will be seventy-eight million ‘boomers’ turning fifty by 2006 that will spend two trillion dollars annually on ‘goods and services and just shopping around. ’ Advertisers, marketers and various club organizations are fighting to attract these trillions of dollars by offering exclusive experiences, luxury condominiums and timeshares, private residential communities, among a multitude of other diversions. According to this same 2005 study, in 2006 thirty-nine additional timeshare plans, including single site and multi-site vacation clubs, are forecasted to open having three thousand nine hundred ninety-eight dedicated timeshare units and, thirty-two projects with four thousand eight hundred and thirty-one condo hotel units are forecasted to open. This article summarizes the different kinds of clubs that are attracting boomers by the millions: The Country Club, the Golf Subdivision, Lot Sales/Sporting Club, the Condominium Club, the Fractional Club and Private Residence Club, the Destination Club, the Timeshare Plan Club, the Multi-Site Timeshare Plan Club (Vacation Club), and the Crossover that implements elements from all of the other options. Indeed, clubs, clubs, and more clubs abound as our baby boomer generation is exiting the workforce and entering the leisurely land of retirement. Boomers have trillions of dollars of expendable income and whichever club concept proves to be the most popular and exclusive will attract top dollar when it comes to luxury, convenience, status, and location.

Essay --

Fight for your life More times than not people take their life for granted and never think twice about it. Life changes right before you, often times you don't get a warning sign or a flashing caution lights, screaming† watch out.† Sometimes there is nothing you can do to prevent life from hitting you like a five ton semi truck. You find your true strength only when being strong is the only choice you have. Waking up to half of your hair, now laying on your pillow, no longer attached to you. Struggling to pull your weak, fragile self out of bed, you must run to the bathroom because you are nauseated, yet you have no strength to actually get yourself there. Excruciating pain , uncomfortable , no energy and very weak. Not every day is like this , but majority of them seem to be . It feels as if there is a demon trapped inside you an enemy, something I cannot explain, sucking the life right out of me. Looking in the mirror a stranger stares back at me, Pale skin, bald head, fragile, girl who looks diseased, sickly and almost inhuman. I did not always look like this; I was once a very beautiful, fair skinned girl with long blonde hair. It not only changes your appearance but it changes your entire life. Undergoing countless scans , tests that seem never ending, lights flashing , machines beeping ., needles jabbing your already bruised arms. Sitting through four sometime's five hours of chemotherapy , while hooked up to countless bags of medicine being shot through your veins. Surgery after surgery, praying you will wake up after this one and praying this will be the last. It is a long dark scary road to recovery and many do not make that journey. My entire world changed with the b... ...ught if I could touch just one cancer patients life it would mean the world to me. I have now worked with cancer patients for many years, shared my experience and helped others through their journey down the long dark scary road to recovery. I have touched many lives ,some who remain in this world and have survived and many who have lost their battle while traveling the long dark road. I have helped spread awareness and have given many hope. Truth is many of us take life for granted, only until we face death head on. Life changes as fast as you can blink. Stop, slow down and enjoy your life . Dont let the small disasters stress you out . Cherish every second you are given because waking up tomorrow is never guaranteed. Count your blessings daily , instead of focusing on what you don't have. In a split second your life could come to a screeching halt.

Marketing Plan with SWOT Analysis

nowledge is the most significant economic and social force of the 21st century, and higher education will see its importance and influence to grow in the coming decades. At the same time, as in other industries and sectors, extraordinary, rapid change has become a constant for institutions of higher education. This dynamic environment provides challenges and opportunities as well, which Is why Trine university Marketing 303 class has spent the last eight weeks putting together a comprehensive marketing plan process to examine a variety of marketing and enrollment issues facing Trine university outreach campuses.Since its beginning in 1884 in Angola, Indiana, Trine University has experienced significant periods of growth and change while preparing students for career success. While this growth and change mainly took place at the University's mall campus, It Is now entering a new phase of growth and change. This growth and change is happening with Trine university outreach campuses. Tr ine University's mission for the outreach campuses is â€Å"to provide accessible educational opportunities that are responsive to the needs of today's diverse population and lead to meaningful careers and lifelong learning.To accomplish our session, we have set forth the following goals: Acquire our own learning facility Higher enrollment rate Promote associates, bachelors, and master degrees to spark more interest in attending the campus Add new degrees to current programs Offer tuition discounts and incentives Make scheduling classes easier and more available Reach out to Individuals and employers In the community wishing to better their education Achieve top school ranking in community To guide and later help assess the marketing plan and its effectiveness, the Marketing 303 class produced a SOOT analysis to help provide direction and serve as basis for the development of a marketing plan which promotes Trine university's outreach campuses. We hope to accomplish this by assessi ng what we perceive to be the university's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to achieving these strategies.A section with these results is presented later in the marketing plan in its entirety, but a few comments are listed below. Trine University views undergraduate education as central to its mission and will students to be productive, contributing members of society. To sustain Trine University reputation of overall excellence in selected areas of graduate and repressions education, resources will be focused on creating and strengthening areas of graduate study in a manner that is responsive to regional needs. To promote the recruitment, retention, and success of its students, Trine University will provide an environment rich in human diversity, with dedicated support services, in an outstanding instructional facilities.Trine University will create an empowered group of diverse, unified, committed and motivated employees who will focus their collective ski lls, talents, and knowledge toward realization of the university mission and vision. Trine University believes that continuous planning and evaluation are needed to effectively chart the future of the university outreach campuses, and therefore will increase its self-assessment. Trine University will secure, allocate or redirect human, physical and financial resources in a manner that enhances the university mission and vision. The two initial targets for Trine University will be high school students and students looking to pursue their bachelor degree that already has associates.Priority, however, will be given to high school students because we will be able to reach out to them nice they will be starting their degree from fresh. Gone are the days when marketing and communication offices can control the content produced about universities. The internet has emerged as a place where users are active, co-creators of content and social networking in mainstream. Social media has surpass ed e-mail as an online activity. More than ever, relevant, timely and engaging content is key in any marketing campaign. In the past year, Trine University Backbone, Twitter and Youth presence are on the rise and changing the way the students and the university are communicating.To effectively communicate and market to existing and prospective student, Trine University must use a variety of strategies, based on the target audience communication style, and constantly re-evaluate its marketing methods and messages to meet our diverse student population. Trine currently has a student enrollment of 1,791 students per year. They are projected to grow at approximately 8. 1% per year making their enrollment 1,935 in 2013 and 2,091 in 2014. They currently have a tuition cost of $25,400. 00 per year and $1 ,600. 00 in other expenses (such as books, lab fees & other miscellaneous costs). Trine has 52. 5 million per year in annual sales and 1. 53 million in net income.Trine's tuition is higher than Harrison College and II-JPL'S but less than Indiana Wesleyan. The organizational structure of Trine University outreach campuses will appear in its entirety in a later section; however, the following few comments will briefly summarize Marketing 303 class' ideas on a working organizational structure. We and students to feel there is a local individual they can physically call or go see in an office setting. This individual will act as a liaison between the Student Support Specialist and Trine University's main campus. This will help promote the feeling that Trine University is committed to the growth of its outreach campuses.A successful marketing plan depends upon how well a company can blend its people and get the job done. If everyone is on the same page and know what it is they are striving to accomplish, the possibilities of success, are endless. Performance of this plan must be measured, and this means standards must be developed against which performance can be evaluate d. The importance of proper and timely evaluation cannot be overlooked. Communication between the business and the customer is essential for success. Customers will often try a new product â€Å"one time†. If they are not pleased with the product they will look elsewhere. UNIVERSITY DESCRIPTION There's a time and place for thinking and doing.We make both happen at Trine University. Founded in 1884, we're known for our rigorous academic programs, exceptional faculty, and hands-on experiences that lead to real-world, skill-based knowledge. The results are phenomenal. The rate at which Trine students find work related to their majors within six months of graduation-?at 92 percent-?is among the highest in the country. Our graduates' starting salaries exceed the national average in every category. Explore – Experience – Excel We're a private, non-denominational institution that grants associates, bachelors, and master's degrees in more than 30 programs on campus, onl ine, and at four regional education centers.With only 1 ,450 students, our small class sizes ensure one-on-one attention with faculty who bring their own workplace experience into the classroom. We focus on active participation through more than 60 student organizations, competitive intercollegiate athletics, and extensive co-pop and internship opportunities. You will also find our nationally recognized education affordable. We award more than $10 million in grants and scholarships annually; more than 90 percent of our students receive some form of financial aid. STRATEGIC FOCUS AND PLAN Mission Trine University mission for the outreach campuses is â€Å"to provide accessible educational opportunities that are responsive to the needs of today's diverse population and lead to meaningful careers and lifelong learning.Goals For future years, Trine University-Columbus seeks to achieve the following goals: Reach out to individuals and employers in the community wishing to better their C ore Competency and Sustainable Competitive Advantage In terms of core competency, Trine University outreach campuses seek to achieve ability by 1) providing high-quality learning experiences not only in learning but also in hands on projects and by 2) providing outstanding graduates to be successful. To translate these core competencies into a sustainable competitive advantage, Trine University outreach campuses will work closely with their students to achieve the best satisfactory education possible.SITUATION ANALYSIS The ultimate goal of Marketing 303 class is to produce a SOOT analysis which will elf provide direction and serve as a basis for the development of a marketing plan to promote Trine University's outreach campuses. We hope to accomplish this by assessing what we perceive to be Trine University strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. SOOT Analysts Marketing 303 class produced a SOOT analysis. Strengths: Responsiveness to students and education needs Academica lly able students Effective teaching Supportive environment for teaching and learning Demonstrable results Substantial scholarship / financial aid resources and support Weaknesses: Distinguishing qualities and identity not well knownLack of strong, pervasive presence in the external community Operational structure of regional outreach campuses Too large a percentage of classes taught by part-timers Limited resources for faculty, staff, and students of regional outreach campuses Adjustment to pressures of growth Make presence known Expand recruitment starting at the high school level More conversations and partnerships with local employers Developing and even better niche within the rapidly developing market for on- demand education Expand possible technological competitive advantage – technology has made programs from around the state, nation and world accessible to anyone with an internet connection so a student can still feel like they are getting a true classroom environme nt Responsiveness to students – although responsiveness to students is a strength of Trine University, it also offers the opportunity for more rewarding efforts.Students are more than customers; they are participants in, contributors to, and products of a highly structured learning environment and developmental process Threats: Pressure to grow at expense of quality Growing competition from nearby universities – physically and virtually Recruiting and retain high quality faculty and staff given increasing competition Rapidly advancing technology poses the most far-reaching, unavoidable, and unpredictable threat to institutional stability and competitiveness Enhancing and maintaining access to the University for minority, low income, and first-generation students Possible uncertainty of off-campus operations Competitors Indiana Wesleyan University Phoenix University Harrison College PICKUP Ivy Tech Target Audience High School Students College Students Ethnic Community C ommunity Members Customer Profile Profiles help us to gain a deeper understanding of the audiences we are trying to reach by providing details into demographics, technocracies, chirography's and alee and lifestyles (VAL'S). High School Student Profile Demographics 16-18 years old County Resident Limited income Live with parents Technocracies Immersed in technology Active in social networks – text and chat are primary Chirography's Generation Me – seeks attention, feedback, lofty beliefs Value and Lifestyles (VAL'S)- Experiences High resource group motivated by self-expression Energetic, active and social College Student Profile 18-25 years old Work part-time May have children Living on their own for the first time Receive financial aid Ethnic Community Member Profile Spanish speakingBicameral Limited understanding of higher education environment Prefer traditional media Those who favor speaking English to speaking Spanish, use more technology Strong family values Chall enged by family barriers to education Impressionable and likely to emulate people they admire Motivated by achievement Community Member Profile Age 26 + County business leader – owners and managers Financially stable with expendable income Parents of high school age children Have access to technology, but not avid users Use internet to research products / services Predominantly e-mail users Use some social networks Values reputation and success Values education as a way to accomplish goals Successful people who get satisfaction from their career and family MARKETING PRODUCT FOCUS This section describes the 1 year marketing and product objectives for Trine University-outreach campus and the target markets, points of difference, and positioning.Marketing and Product Objectives Current markets. Current markets will be grown by expanding student awareness of the Columbus campus. New markets. By the end of the first year, we hope to have new students and a huge population growth t o our campus. New products. By adding associates degrees, we see more expansion of students. Target Markets Two initial targets for Trine University outreach campus will be high school students and students looking to pursue their bachelor degree that already has their associates. Priority, however will be given to high school students because will be able to reach out to them since they will be starting their degree from fresh.Points of Difference Continuous improvements in education Qualified personnel Uniqueness of its professional service More diversity in student body Positioning students or hard to identify. We are hoping to position it easier on students to identify who we are, what we stand for and why they should attend our campus. Marketing Program The four marketing mix elements of the Trine University Marketing Plan are detailed below with the purpose of increasing the overall visibility of Trine University outreach campuses. Product Strategy Product line Trine Universit y grants associate, baccalaureate, and master's degrees through exceptional programs offering career-oriented, hands-on learning and student- focused teaching via Trine's 450-acre main residential campus in Angola, but also at he eight outreach campuses listed below.Avon Columbus Fort Wayne Howe Indianapolis Alligators Chervil's South Bend Warsaw Unique Product Quality Trine University understands and appreciates that the students have many choices in achieving their educational goals. Trine is committed to providing students with an innovative learning experience that many other institutions do not offer. Trine students should expect, Quality Trine continuously evaluates and assesses each degree program, student experiences, and student employment success Nationally recognized examinations ND certifications ensure Trine students have the edge to secure employment at a rate of nearly 92 percent Affordability Various Scholarships and Financial Aid Programs are available to students w ho qualify U. S.News & World Report ranks Trine as one of the top colleges and universities whose graduates carry the least amount of debt Ninety-eight percent of No expiration date on transfer credits from any accredited College or University Convenience and Flexibility Eight week accelerated courses Face-to-Face classes at outreach campuses or online courses available anytime, anyplace, anywhere Attention Trine brings workplace and educational experience into the classroom via well respected faculty to combine theory with hands-on learning They challenge you with rigorous academics but offer support and personal attention Technologically Advanced The laptop program ensures all students have the same technology and advantages inside and outside the classroom textbooks reduce the cost of textbooks by nearly 50 percent while also providing new tools such as the electronic highlighter, electronic note taking, note sharing, and the ability to collaborate with other students Packaging P ersonal attention is Trine's hallmark. It is the packaging that makes them standout among other universities and colleges. Students are not Just a number but the future. Trine University takes this seriously and assists the students in their endeavors to Explore – Experience – Excel in all they do not Just while a Trine University student, but when they move into their chosen career. Price Strategy Students want the best value, high-quality education at a price they can afford. Trine University works hard to excel at both.Our hands-on learning and personal attention room dedicated professors provide the edge you, the student, need to launch a successful career or move up in your current organization. Trine University is an affordable private university with costs in the mid-range for private colleges in Indiana. Our graduates enter the workforce carrying the least amount of debt among graduates nationwide, according to U. S. News and World Report. Promotion Strategy Ke y promotion marketing strategies will be a combination of the following marketing channels in an effort to reach potential students. Mass marketing combined with targeted campaigns are designed to maximize communication.Traditional Media Develop new print and presentation materials to connect with potential students Use past students success stories to help motivate current and potential students TV/ Radio Print Outdoor Traditional Media Add video Develop text message options for accessing information about Trine Web advertising E-mail marketing Mobile-to-mobile Social Media Start or continue to build a Backbone community Connect with the business community via social networking Backbone Blobs and micro blobs You Tube Earned Media Create a public relations campaign to get Trine University key messages in the news Use the media to further position Trine University as the premier provider of tomorrow's workforce Print editorial coverage TV/Radio broadcast coverage Web coverage through blobs Promotions Place (Distribution) Strategy Trine University will attract other students by using a mixture of traditional and online advertising strategies listed above to create a grassroots marketing campaign. Trine will recruit current students to fill these outreach campuses marketing positions. It will further demonstrate that personal touch that Trine University is so noted for.

Hrm, Performance Mgmt.

HR03 Performance Management Assignment No. I Assignment Code: 2013HR03A1Last Date of Submission: 15th April 2013 Maximum Marks:100 Attempt all the questions. All the questions are compulsory and carry equal marks. Section-A Ques. 1Discuss the role of Performance Planning in setting performance criteria for achievement of goals of an organization. Explain with an example how an organization attempts to synchronize individual performance targets with organizational goals. Ques. 2â€Å"Performance Management –It’s about performing not just appraising† comment on the statement using theoretical concepts to support your answer. Ques. Elucidate the role of HR departments in the successful implementation of performance appraisal system in organizations. Ques. 4Explain why KPAs and performance targets form the building blocks of any good performance planning system? Section-B Case Study In response to an advertisement Murali Dhar Yadav applied for the post of an assistan t supervisor at Kanpur unit of Manorama Industries (P) Ltd. , leading manufacturers of telephone cables. He was 22 and had passed the intermediate examination in science from Uttar Pradesh Board securing a second class as well as a three-year Diploma in mechanical engineering from Allahabad Polytechnic.The selection was made in the last week of December, 2005 through scientific procedures including screening, psychological tests, group discussion, interview and medical check-up and as Yadav was found to be the most suitable person among 34 applicants, the management was pleased to offer him the position. Yadav joined the company and after completing six months’ training successfully he was formally placed as an assistant supervisor on Rs. 8000/- p. m. in the extrusion section dealing with the coating of polyvinyl chloride on copper or bunched cables. He supervised approximately 60 workers and reported to the general supervisor.His duties and responsibilities in this position included planning, training new operators, chasing schedules, developing new methods, inspection and quality checks etc. etc. Yadav’s performance as assistant supervisor from the very beginning was found to be uniformally efficient. His general behavior in the company towards his superiors, fellow-supervisors and workers was highly appreciable. He used to participate actively in informal get-togethers and parties in the canteen of the company. He inspired confidence, respect and enthusiasm in his subordinates.He was instrumental in increasing production and did not hesitate to work with his own hands. He welcomed responsibilities and did not pass on the buck. On the recommendation of the general supervisor, he was confirmed in his position. Later on, Baldev Prasad Sinha, an assistant supervisor in the cabling section, took three months’ leave, and Yadav was transferred to this section for the specified period of time. Yadav again demonstrated his ability and leadership qualities while handling responsibilities of the new section. Then, he was placed again in the extrusion section. In course of time, Rakesh Kochar, a production supervisor (shift n-charge) of the extrusion section was transferred to Kolkata unit of the company and to fill-up the vacancy thus created the general supervisor recommended the name of Yadav on the following grounds: 1. He had fair knowledge of extrusion, cabling and tinning. 2. He could get things done and had a control over the workers. 3. He was the senior most diploma holder in the extrusion department. 4. He took responsibilities willingly. 5. He had potential for leadership. The management was pleased to accept the above recommendation and promoted Yadav as a Production Supervisor (shift in-charge) at a salary of Rs. 5,000/- p. m. Gradually the factory expanded, more workers were employed and more machines were brought. However, it was found that despite the expansion, the production in cabling section was not incre asing proportionately as expected because of low motivation among workers. Yadav was transferred to this section to get the expected results. He attempted to motivate the workers by providing them good facilities for work, valuing their ideas, recognizing good work, and by changing the programmes and schedules according to the capacity of each individual.He also tried to inject team spirit among the workers by encouraging competition between the two shifts of workers. His techniques proved to be very effective and consequently production in the section increased 1. 35 times. Besides this, he also made useful suggestions for cooling the cables at the die for getting a mat finish which was implemented and since then being practiced. Later on, his services were rendered to the wire drawing section where production was suspected to suffer because of poor personal relations among the workers as well as between the supervisors.He attempted to create a healthy atmosphere in the section, to settle the disputes among workers through mutual understanding and to inject a sense of brotherhood and respect for each other. He succeeded in his attempts to build-up good relations and consequently, production increased 1. 2 times. Then, he was again placed in the extrusion section and by the end of the year, the general supervisor and the works manager appraised his performance as almost â€Å"outstanding†. Subsequently, Yadav was promoted as a general supervisor in production planning and control department.He was to be paid a salary of Rs. 17000/- p. m. The duties and responsibilities in this section included the following: 1. Coordination of wire drawing, extrusion and cabling sections. 2. Assessment of target requirements of raw materials. 3. Programming, coordinating and controlling the processes for machines. 4. Assessment of customer requirements 5. Delivery scheduling 6. Export order execution. Yadav showed mixed reactions to his promotion as a general supervisor in production planning and control department.On the one hand, he was glad to acquire the status of the general supervisor as well as accompanying financial benefits. On the other hand, he felt uneasiness for he was completely removed from the shop floor team of workers, which he enjoyed to supervise. He put his best efforts to perform his functions in the new position. However, despite his efforts, next month, 70 km of wrong colour-coded twisted wires worth about Rs. 22,000 were produced because of his incorrect planning for which he was warned to be careful in future.Again after 3 weeks, he was responsible for wrong twisting of 75 km of switch-board wire for which he was asked to submit an explanation by the works manager. Though since then such mistakes did not occur in his planning, a number of different kind of mistakes crept in because of miscalculations. Next, considerable work accumulated in the coiling section due to his incorrect planning. Again, the process was held up b ecause he planned 200 kg of 0. 4mm wire for cables but only 185kg of the wire could be actually available for it.The works manager reprimanded him privately several times for such inaccuracies in planning and did not know what to do. It was extremely surprising why Yadav’s performance tended to fall substantially below the standards expected of him by the company. Questions 1. Discuss critically performance appraisals of Mr. Yadav. 2. What are the reasons for declining performance of Mr. Yadav in the context of his performance appraisals? HR03 Performance Management Assignment No. II Assignment Code: 2013HR03A2Last Date of Submission: 15th May 2013 Maximum Marks:100 Attempt all the questions.All the questions are compulsory and carry equal marks. Section-A Ques. 1Write a note on ‘Improving managee performance in rapidly changing organization’ Ques. 2Performance management is a critical final element of the performance appraisal process. Explain how effective mana gers help employees improve performance. Ques. 3We are living in a world of teamwork and collaboration, so much so that even, the Government at the Center and that in a number of states are being sustained through coalition politics. In such a scenario can you suggest any new way of measuring erformance of employees so that they are better performers in the new organizational context. Ques. 4Explain why in any performance appraisal form the appraisees are required to fill up much more than the appraisers? Section-B Case Study – SGM Education Enterprises is a company in Noida, which came into existence in 1986 but implemented 360 degree feedback only four years ago. However, owing to immense resistance, had to discontinue its implementation. It so happened that CEO of the company was earlier given a powerful demonstration by a vendor of 360 degree feedback and the CEO was quite impressed by it.Consequently he decided to implement it in SGM Education Enterprises as well. Once t he CEO decided to implement the 360 degree feedback, he took the initiative to appoint the vendor as consultant to ensure its implementation in the company. Towards this end, an e-mail was sent highlighting its benefits and the rationale for changing to the new system. It was informed as to how the ratings collected utilizing the new system will be linked to bonuses as well as the importance of finishing the On-line training and familiarization course on the system.Later, the consultant also imparted online training to all those who showed keenness to learn as well as provided links to various documents on how to observe, assess and record performance behavior. In case any employee had a doubt or needed clarification, he could contact HR personnel to resolve any problem. Question: Discuss in detail the method adopted by the CEO to implement 360-Degree feedback in the company. As per your opinion what could have gone wrong in this regard.

The Ultimate Strong Verbs List Thatll Instantly Supercharge Your Writing

The Ultimate Strong Verbs List Thatll Instantly Supercharge Your Writing 249 Strong Verbs Thatll Spice Up Your Writing Do you ever wonder why a grammatically correct sentence you’ve written just lies there like a dead fish? I sure have. Your sentence might even be full of those adjectives and adverbs your teachers and loved ones so admired in your writing when you were a kid. But still the sentence doesn’t work. Something simple I learned from The Elements of Style years ago changed the way I write and added verve to my prose. The authors of that little bible of style said: â€Å"Write with nouns and verbs, not with adjectives and adverbs.† Even Mark Twain was quoted, regarding adjectives: â€Å"When in doubt, strike it out.† That’s not to say there’s no place for adjectives. I used three in the title and first paragraph of this post alone. The point is that good writing is more about well-chosen nouns and strong verbs than it is about adjectives and adverbs, regardless what you were told as a kid. There’s no quicker win for you and your manuscript than ferreting out and eliminating flabby verbs and replacing them with vibrant ones. How To Know Which Verbs Need Replacing Your first hint is your own discomfort with a sentence. Odds are it features a snooze-inducing verb. As you hone your ferocious self-editing skills, train yourself to exploit opportunities to replace a weak verb for a strong one. At the end of this post I suggest a list of 249 vivid verbs you can experiment with to replace tired ones. Want a copy of the 249-verb list to read, save, or print whenever you wish? Click here. What constitutes a tired verb? Here’s what to look for: 3 Types of Verbs to Beware of in Your Prose 1. State-of-being verbs These are passive as opposed to powerful: Is Am Are Was Were Be Being Been Have Has Had Do Does Did Shall Will Should Would May Might Must Can Could Am I saying these should never appear in your writing? Of course not. You’ll find them in this piece. But when a sentence lies limp, you can bet it contains at least one of these. Determining when a state-of-being verb is the culprit creates a problem- and finding a better, more powerful verb to replace it- is what makes us writers. [Note how I replaced the state-of-being verbs in this paragraph.] Resist the urge to consult a thesaurus for the most exotic verb you can find. I consult such references only for the normal word that carries power but refuses to come to mind. I would suggest even that you consult my list of powerful verbs only after you have exhausted all efforts to come up with one on your own. You want Make your prose to be your own creation, not yours plus Roget or Webster or Jenkins. [See how easy they are to spot and fix?] Examples Impotent: The man was walking on the platform. Powerful: The man strode along the platform. Impotent: Jim is a lover of country living. Powerful: Jim treasures country living. Impotent: There are three things that make me feel the way I do†¦ Powerful: Three things convince me†¦ 2. Verbs that rely on adverbs Powerful verbs are strong enough to stand alone. Examples The fox ran quickly dashed through the forest. She menacingly looked glared at her rival. He secretly listened eavesdropped while they discussed their plans. 3.  Verbs with -ing suffixes Examples Before: He was walking†¦ After: He walked†¦ Before: She was loving the idea of†¦ After: She loved the idea of†¦ Before: The family was starting to gather†¦ After: The family started to gather The Strong Verbs List Absorb Advance Advise Alter Amend Amplify Attack Balloon Bash Batter Beam Beef Blab Blast Bolt Boost Brief Broadcast Brood Burst Bus Bust Capture Catch Charge Chap Chip Clasp Climb Clutch Collide Command Commune Cower Crackle Crash Crave Crush Dangle Dash Demolish Depart Deposit Detect Deviate Devour Direct Discern Discover Dismantle Download Drag Drain Drip Drop Eavesdrop Engage Engulf Enlarge Ensnare Envelop Erase Escort Expand Explode Explore Expose Extend Extract Eyeball Fight Fish Fling Fly Frown Fuse Garble Gaze Glare Gleam Glisten Glitter Gobble Govern Grasp Gravitate Grip Groan Grope Growl Guide Gush Hack Hail Heighten Hobble Hover Hurry Ignite Illuminate Inspect Instruct Intensify Intertwine Impart Jostle Journey Lash Launch Lead Leap Locate Lurch Lurk Magnify Mimic Mint Moan Modify Multiply Muse Mushroom Mystify Notice Notify Obtain Oppress Order Paint Park Peck Peek Peer Perceive Picture Pilot Pinpoint Place Plant Plop Pluck Plunge Poison Pop Position Power Prickle Probe Prune Realize Recite Recoil Refashion Refine Remove Report Retreat Reveal Reverberate Revitalize Revolutionize Revolve Rip Rise Ruin Rush Rust Saunter Scamper Scan Scorch Scrape Scratch Scrawl Seize Serve Shatter Shepherd Shimmer Shine Shock Shrivel Sizzle Skip Skulk Slash Slide Slink Slip Slump Slurp Smash Smite Snag Snarl Sneak Snowball Soar Spam Sparkle Sport Sprinkle Stare Starve Steal Steer Storm Strain Stretch Strip Stroll Struggle Stumble Supercharge Supersize Surge Survey Swell Swipe Swoon Tail Tattle Toddle Transfigure Transform Travel Treat Trim Trip Trudge Tussle Uncover Unearth Untangle Unveil Usher Veil Wail Weave Wind Withdraw Wreck Wrench Wrest Wrestle Wring Yank Zing Zap Click here or below to download the expanded list (now 249 powerful verbs!), along with the three types of verbs to watch for in your writing. Suggest in the comments three (only) vivid verbs that should be added to my list.

The Purpose and Function of Foil Characters

The Purpose and Function of Foil Characters Have you ever been reading a novel and find yourself wondering, â€Å"What’s eating this guy?† or, â€Å"Why doesn’t she just dump him?† More often than not, a â€Å"foil† character is the answer.      A foil character is any character in literature that, through his or her actions and words, highlights and directly contrasts the personal traits, qualities, values, and motivations of another character. The term comes from the old jewelers’ practice of displaying gemstones on sheets of foil to make them shine more brightly. Thus, in literature, a foil character literally â€Å"illuminates† another character. Uses of Foil Characters Authors use foils to help their readers recognize and understand the important qualities, characteristics, and motivations of the various characters: In other words, to explain why characters do what they do. Foils are sometimes used to explain the relationships between a plot’s â€Å"antagonist† and â€Å"protagonist† characters. A â€Å"protagonist† is the story’s main character, while an â€Å"antagonist† is the protagonist’s enemy or opponent. The antagonist â€Å"antagonizes† the protagonist.   For example, in the classic Lost Generation novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby,† F. Scott Fitzgerald uses narrator Nick Carraway as a foil to both protagonist Jay Gatsby, and Jay’s antagonist Tom Buchanan. In describing Jay and Tom’s contentious shared love for Tom’s trophy wife Daisy, Nick depicts Tom as an Ivy League-educated athlete who feels entitled by his inherited wealth. Nick is more at ease around Jay, who he describes as a man who â€Å"had one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Sometimes, authors will use two characters as foils to each other. These characters are called â€Å"foil pairs.† For example, in William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Julius Caesar,† Brutus  plays foil to Cassius, while Antony’s foil is Brutus.   Foil pairs are sometimes the story’s protagonist and antagonist, but not always. Again from the quill of Shakespeare, in â€Å"The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet,† while Romeo and Mercutio are best friends, Shakespeare writes Mercutio as Romeo’s foil. By poking fun at lovers in general, Mercutio helps the reader understand the depth of Romeo’s often illogically desperate love for Juliet. Why Foils Are Important Authors use foils to help readers recognize and understand the traits, attributes, and motivations of the other characters. Thus, readers who ask, â€Å"What makes him or her tick?† should be on the lookout for foil characters to get the answers. Non-Human Foils Foils are not always people. They may be animals, a structure, or  a subplot, a â€Å"story within a story,† that serves as a foil to the main plot.   In her classic novel â€Å"Wuthering Heights,† Emily Bronte uses the two neighboring houses: Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange as foils to each other to explain the events of the story. In chapter 12, the narrator describes Wuthering Heights as a house where : â€Å"There was no moon, and everything beneath lay in misty darkness: not a light gleamed from any house, far or near all had been extinguished long ago: and those at Wuthering Heights were never visible†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The description of Thrushcross Grange, in contrast to the Wuthering Heights, creates a calm and peaceful atmosphere. â€Å"Gimmerton chapel bells were still ringing; and the full, mellow flow of the beck in the valley came soothingly on the ear. It was a sweet substitute for the yet absent murmur of the summer foliage, which drowned that music about the Grange when the trees were in leaf.† The foils in these settings also help in the development of the foils in the characters, as the people from Wuthering Heights are unsophisticated, and are foils to those from Thrushcross Grange, who display a refined disposition. Classic Examples of Foil Characters In â€Å"Paradise Lost,† author John Milton creates perhaps the ultimate protagonist-antagonist foil pair: God and Satan. As the foil to God, Satan exposes both his own negative traits and God’s good traits. Through the comparisons exposed by the foil relationship, the reader comes to understand why Satan’s stubborn resistance to the â€Å"will of God† justifies his eventual expulsion from paradise. In the Harry Potter series, author J.K. Rowling uses Draco Malfoy as a foil to Harry Potter. Though both protagonist Harry and his antagonist Draco have been empowered by Professor Snape to â€Å"experience the essential adventures of self-determination,† their inherent qualities cause them to make different choices:  Harry chooses to oppose Lord Voldemort and the Death Eaters, whereas Draco eventually joins them. In summary, foil characters help readers to: Understand the traits and motivations - â€Å"axes to grind† - of other charactersTell good intentions from evil, strength from weakness,   or true ability from empty braggadocioUnderstand â€Å"who† protagonists and their antagonists are, and why they are enemies Perhaps most importantly, foils help readers decide how they â€Å"feel† about the characters.

Electronic government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Electronic government - Essay Example The commencement of the new system of e-government can be simply linked to its purpose (Kostopoulos, 2003). The development in technology has gbrought new challenges in governments facilitating its emergence. The purpose of electronic government is to build the complete digital age and work as the best intermediary for the information through whole the state. Choudrie et al (2004) refer the purpose of e-government, to the emerging need to improve the external and internal relationship with the stakeholder and share the knowledge with them. Meanwhile, Bwoma and Huang (2003) highlight another purpose of e-government, which is to cut cost. It should be noted that there is an increase of government expenditure in building more offices and agencies around the country to provide the government services to the citizen and mismanagement and poor organization which will affect the whole public expenditure. E-government cut cost by making operations constrained online. Information technologies has been widely used in institutions either public or private sector. So, the governments are eagerly looking toward an information technology to improve their services and relationships. Gong further; it is useful identify the meaning of e-government. Kostopoulos (2003) has mentioned that the use of web technologies will force improving the interaction and the communication between the government and its users. Moreover, the internet will be the best solution for government to establish an agencies opened for 24/365 to serve there customers. Similar to this definition, Zhenyu and Peterson (2003) note that e-government are those technologies which help the government to establish a new line of services to deliver to the citizen and help the citizen to interact with those services and access information. Provision of such services will reduce the need to directly contact the